4337 Superchain Data Standards: Project Update
Purpose
On 13th August 2024 a grant was approved to create a 4337 Data & Standards group. Due to growing adoption of the ERC-4337 (a.k.a. Account Abstraction) standard created by Ethereum Foundation and its introduction of Smart Contract Wallets, understanding attribution and wallet activity started to grow in complexity.
The aim of the group was to create data & attribution mechanisms for the ERC-4337 standard to make the data easy to analyze. This would allow to include 4337-related metrics in the Retro Funding process, as well as, make these metrics easily available to all stakeholders that could make use of it - dApp builders, wallet infra providers and analysts within the Optimism Superchain.
Status
After the grant was approved, a group of over 30 industry specialists and analysts was created - it included team members from Optimism, Account Abstraction / 4337 Team, Open Source Observer, BundleBear and Patterns. Additional external consultants, including wallet builders and wallet infra providers were engaged into the group.
Work on the grant was divided into the following milestones:
-
Data model of a 4337 public registry that would allow for comprehensive storage and manipulation of decoded raw data related to Account Abstraction Activity. -
Data warehouse & ETL which allows for free access to previously created data models, populated with decoded 4337 data in real-time (up to 24h latency). -
High level metrics and impact attribution models built on previously collected 4337 data - at least 5 standards were to be built for the purpose of understanding Account Abstraction impact on on-chain activity and their further use in RPGF process. -
On-chain registry of attestations that could be applied to data warehouses and make the data readable for humans by labelling and assigning on-chain addresses to their specific categories (Bundlers, Paymasters, SCWs, etc.) -
Public artifacts including data model documentation and tutorials on how to create queries and own metrics on top of existing data.
Deliverables
Once the team creation was completed, the following tasks and their results were delivered:
| Milestone | Work done | Deliverables |
|---|---|---|
| Data model | The ERC-4337 standard was analyzed thoroughfully, including flows between all on-chain 4337 entities. A model for indexing raw data consisting of two enriched tables was created. | Code: Github Repository Documentation: Readme Tutorial |
| Data warehouse & ETL | Indexed data was transformed to fit the previously created data model and connected to Google BigQuery for easy public access. Data covers 23 Superchain networks and has 24h latency. | BigQuery access |
| Metrics and attribution | A wide set of high level metrics was designed and a number of them chosen to be developed for the Retro Funding Season 7 Onchain Builders Round (as factors in the rewards algorithm). We also published a tutorial for how the community can develop additional metrics | Documentation: ERC4337 Docs; Event Model: GitHub Repositority; Retro Funding Use Case: Github Repository; Tutorial: OSO Tutorial |
| On-chain registry | The working group partnered with OLI (“Open Label Initiative”) to serve as a decentralized registry of all labels, and seeded an initial set of labels that covers more than 90% of known operators (by userop count). | Open Labels Initiative: Labeling Guide; Labels added: Github Repository; Announcement: 0xKofi |
| Public artifacts | A set of public artifacts - including articles, tutorials and technical documentation was created and added to the official ERC4337 website. | Documentation: ERC4337 Docs |
Conclusion
By the end of July 2025 the work on the grant was concluded and all the milestones were delivered. Crucial 4337 metrics are included in the RetroPGF process as well as raw data is available for wider community for free use.